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How Mongolia helped the Soviet Union in the war against the Nazis – Russia today Posting in CHAT: Russia Soviet military leader General Issa Pliev once said about one of the symbols of Victory: “An unpretentious Mongolian horse next to a Soviet tank reached Berlin.” It was not for nothing that the great cavalry placed them side by side - in this “war of the machines,” cavalry, and especially horse cavalry, still played a huge role, mainly on the off-road terrain of Eastern Europe. And the Soviet army owed a significant part of its cavalry to small Mongolia, which supplied the Soviet Union with more than 500 thousand horses, 32 thousand of which were personal gifts from peasant shepherds. At least every fifth horse of the Red Army was from Mongolia (as well as every fifth greatcoat and every third short coat of Soviet soldiers), just as some horsemen from Mongolia declared war on Nazi Germany on the very first day of the Great Patriotic War. On June 22, 1941, the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party, the Presidium of the Little Khural and the Council of Ministers of the Mongolian People's Republic adopted a joint statement: “All people of our freedom-loving and independent republic! bound by blood ties and unbreakable friendship with the Soviet people, will mark this treacherous act with the deepest contempt of Nazi Germany, will respond by every possible strengthening of the friendship of the Soviet and Mongolian peoples, and will be faithful to their obligations of mutual assistance. agreement concluded on March 12, 1936." This agreement was sealed with the blood of Soviet and Mongolian soldiers who fought together against Japanese militarists in the battles of Khalkhin Gol in 1939. Tokyo planned to occupy Mongolia and reach Irkutsk and the shores of Lake Baikal, thus preparing favorable conditions for the invasion of German troops from the west; the victory of Soviet and Mongolian soldiers thwarted these plans. Mongolia did not have a developed industry, so it could not supply Mongolian tanks or aircraft to the Soviet Union. workers, the “Revolutionary Mongolia” tank brigade and the “Mongolian Arat” squadron were created. Mongolian tanks became part of the 112th Red Banner Tank Brigade and, at the exchange rate of that time, cost almost 4 million Soviet rubles, which was a huge amount. amount for small Mongolia Mongolia had a lot of livestock and livestock raw materials (wool, leather, cashmere). The white sheepskin coats of officers, often shown in Soviet war films, became an iconic sign of Mongolian aid to the Red Army. The first step in November 1941 was to deliver 15 thousand of these short fur coats from Mongolia to the Soviet Union, as well as felt boots, padded jackets, mittens, scarves and other winter items made of sheepskin, leather, camel, goat and jacket wool. In February 1942, 148 tons of meat, 80 tons of sausages, canned horse meat and beef, goat meat, bread, butter, chrome boots, belts, and traditional nehiy khantaaz were delivered to the 49th Army of the Western Front of Marshal Zhukov. (Mongolian wool and fur vests), gloves, wadded pants, warm sheepskin blankets, hats and thousands of meters of the famous Mongolian felt for yurts (it was especially valued by Soviet partisans. The third stage in November 1942 consisted of 236 vehicles). he was accompanied by forty Mongol delegates. In addition to hundreds of tons of meat, jam, milk, butter and winter clothing, they supplied the Soviet Union with ready-made felt yurts, hats for skiers, leather coats, raincoats, soldiers' boots, saddles for the Soviet cavalry, and a hospital. and work shoes, etc. In March 1943, the fourth stage arrived with 12 thousand pairs of felt boots, 10 thousand overcoats, 500 pairs of shoes for pilots, 3 thousand padded jackets and trousers, 1 thousand cavalry saddles, 30 tons of soap, yurts, knives , tobacco. Products included hundreds of tons of poultry and gazelle (Mongolian antelope), butter, wine and cookies. In November 1943 and January 1945, the fifth and sixth stages arrived. In addition to the usual products, they delivered a large number of personal gifts from Mongolian friends to the Soviet soldiers. The supply of unpretentious and hardy Mongolian horses was strategically important for the Soviet army and economy. The Soviet Union's losses in horses during the war were estimated at 8 million heads! In total, the Mongols supplied half a million horses to the Soviet Union. They were distributed among personnel and party units, and were used to replenish destroyed farms in Belarus, Ukraine and Russia. The legendary cavalry of General Pliev, Engeliin Badam, a shepherdess who gave 16 camels, 93 horses, 1,600 sheep and 10 thousand to the front, also fought on Mongolian horses in Berlin. During the ski winter, five infantry divisions preparing for a counteroffensive near Moscow were provided with uniforms. In 1942-1945, every fifth Soviet soldier wore a Mongolian overcoat. Three thousand Mongolian volunteers fought in the ranks of the Red Army. Small, poor Mongolia began to provide assistance to the Soviet Union even before the American Lend-Lease. The supplies consisted of basic necessities, and the Western allies, in order to prevent the Soviet army from quickly gaining an advantage over the Nazis, sometimes sent razor blades to the Red Army soldiers in the trenches instead of warm clothing and weapons. Ulaanbaatar supplied the Red Army with 500 thousand horses. These hardy and unpretentious animals played a big role in military transport and cavalry. Tanks were bought with Mongolian money, and each tank was given its own name, for example “Sukhbaatar” or “Mongolian security officer”. The Mongols also donated 2.5 million tugriks, 100 thousand dollars and approximately 300 kg of gold. With these funds, the Red Army received the Mongolian aviation squadron "Arat". Until the end of the war, the Mongols supplied both the tank column and the squadron with clothing and food, because the Soviet Union was practically the only supplier of sheep from which military sheepskins were sewn. Large volumes of Mongolian wool were also supplied to the Soviet Union, from which overcoats for soldiers were sewn. The train, after supplying food, went to the Soviet Union. According to experts, Mongolia supplied more wool and meat to the Soviet Union than the United States under Lend-Lease! Here is a list of what was sent on just one of the trains from Mongolia to the Soviet Union in November 1942: “Felt skins - 30,115 pieces; felt boots – 30,500 pairs; fur mittens – 31,257 pairs; fur vests – 31,090 pcs.; soldier belts – 33,300 pcs.; wool sweaters – 2290 pcs.; fur blankets – 2011 pcs.; berry jam – 12,954 kg; goitered gazelle carcasses – 26,758 pieces; meat – 316,000 kg; individual parcels – 22,176 pcs.; sausage – 84,800 kg; oil – 92,000 kg.” During the war, Mongolia voluntarily and freely cleared their food supplies, so that in 1946 a serious famine began in their country. They had to be rescued even less than the Mongolian reserves; today's people know about the thousands of Mongolian volunteers who fought against the Nazis as part of the Red Army. There were especially many of them in the cavalry and military intelligence. And in August 1945, the Mongolian army became part of the Far Eastern formation of the Red Army and participated in the defeat of Japan. Every tenth soldier in the Far East was a Mongol. Several thousand Mongolian volunteers fought in the ranks of the Soviet army on the side of the Nazis. And not only cavalrymen, but also snipers, reconnaissance officers, tank crews, or like Dolzhinsurengiin Sukhey, “rebaptized” by comrades in “Sukhov”, in the marine corps of the Baltic Fleet. Red Navy man D. Sukhov, or Comrade Sukhov, fought on the Leningrad Front from July 3 to November 27, 1943, fought in its most difficult sectors, had the opportunity to cross the front 20 times, be behind enemy lines - he took “tongues” and destroyed enemy pillboxes . On November 27, 1943, his company entered into battle with a column of German tanks. In this battle, Marine Sukhov was seriously wounded and shell-shocked. Due to health reasons, he was demobilized, despite all attempts to return to military service. Then, trying to bring at least some benefit to the Soviet people, Sukhe began working as a repairman on a steamship sailing along the Mezen River. However, he soon had the opportunity to smell gunpowder again. Returning to his homeland, after a short course he sat at the controls of a bomber and, as part of the MPR Air Force, participated in the defeat of the Kwantung Army. Unfortunately, help from Mongolia and the entire Mongolian people. The Soviet Union is greatly underestimated today. We know a lot about Lend-Lease deliveries, but we forget about the support of our eastern neighbor and loyal friend. And the 75th anniversary of the Great Victory is a good opportunity to correct this injustice, when well-fed, insolent Europe stoops to desecrating monuments to Soviet liberating soldiers and denying the decisive contribution of Soviet soldiers to the victory over fascism, in small, poor Mongolia they sacredly honor the memory of the Great Victory. Today's Patriotic War is again called pre-war. And loyalty to our common memory, our traditions and military friendship, sealed with shed blood and sweat, can once again become a shield from all possible aggressors. Source link Source link