symptoms of measles, how to treat measles, shortage of vaccines, shortage of eggs, medicines, analogues of medicines, when will the measles vaccine be available – May 3, 2024 – Russia today Posting in CHAT: Russia A large number of people do not vaccinate their children on principle, and this is bearing fruit Source: Alexander Oshchepkov/NGS.RU The incidence of measles in Russia has broken all records: in 2023, more than 12 thousand people fell ill from it. This is the maximum number of people infected in the last 29 years, Medvestnik reports, citing data from Rospotrebnadzor. Recently, measles epidemics have been regularly recorded in different regions of Russia, including Moscow and the region. In March, an infection was detected in a resident of Lyubertsy near Moscow, and students in one of the buildings of Moscow State University were transferred to distance learning due to the detection of the disease. There are more and more such cases: the population is actively urged to get vaccinated against this dangerous disease. Why do Russians get measles en masse? How does this relate to egg deficiency? Is it possible to protect yourself in such difficult times? MSK1.RU discussed these issues with doctors and pharmacists. They set an anti-record. If we talk about numbers, in 2023 the incidence of measles increased 127 times compared to the previous year and reached 8.92 cases per 100 thousand people. In 2022, this figure was 0.07 cases per 100 thousand inhabitants. And in 2019, when measles broke out across the country, infection was detected in 3.06 cases - still less than in 2023. The last time there was a record number of measles cases in Russia was in 1994 – 30 years ago. Then 28.6 thousand people suffered from the infection - that’s almost 20 cases per 100 thousand inhabitants. Later, the incidence decreased and did not exceed 4.8 thousand people Source: Maria Romanova / City portals Why did measles again reach a new record? Some doctors attribute this to the COVID-19 pandemic and the fact that during the period of restrictions, children were not vaccinated or were vaccinated later than expected - The increase in the incidence of measles is mainly associated with unsuccessful vaccination. During the pandemic, clinics were so overwhelmed that they stopped monitoring vaccinations. And the children’s parents were afraid of contact with coronavirus infection, and visits to clinics themselves were limited,” explained MSK1 immunologist Vladimir Bolibok. “Therefore, now there is a fairly large layer of children who did not receive measles vaccinations on time. Doctor, Candidate of Medical Sciences Andrei Kondrakhin, on the contrary, believes that the increase in children who were not vaccinated during the pandemic is small, and the situation is not great. The effect was influenced by the annexation of new territories to Russia and anti-vaccination programs. “If we remember our neighboring country, which, unfortunately, is unfriendly, they stopped buying measles vaccines from us, and the population was not vaccinated, and this is the child population. Therefore, all the units and regions that joined us fell into this unfortunate group of people who did not have the opportunity to get vaccinated,” Kondrakhin explained. In addition, a large number of people do not vaccinate their children at all. According to Kondrakhin, anti-vaccinations reduce the population's immunity, and Russians suffer from measles epidemics - What is population immunity? It is then that about 85% of children are vaccinated. A small percentage of those who are not vaccinated (15-20%), as a rule, do not cause problems, the doctor noted, if the number of vaccinated people falls below 80%, then measles may raise it with the chief physician. lack of revaccination. The therapist emphasized that adults who were vaccinated in childhood need to be vaccinated again. However, no one does this - The last time we had to revaccinate was when I was 30 years old. But honestly, hand on heart, who did it? Who did the antibody test? According to Kondrakhin, anyone who is vaccinated against measles can get a mild form of the infection and infect others with it. It is important to get tested for antibodies and find out if you are protected from this disease. Russia needs eggs. Last year in Russia there were problems with “children’s” vaccines against measles, rubella and mumps. Parents could not vaccinate their children because vaccines disappeared even from clinics. This is due to the fact that in 2023 the production of measles vaccines sharply decreased, Nikolai Bespalov, development director of the analytical company RNC Pharma, told MSK1.RU. “Then vaccine production decreased by 31% compared to 2022 (only 3.2 million doses). ) About 18% of this volume was produced in December, meaning doctors and patients only saw them at the beginning of this year, in fact, Russian President Vladimir Putin had a serious shortage of vaccines in December. He explained the lack of vaccines by the lack of chicken eggs necessary for the production of medicines. Bespalov emphasized that eggs of a special quality are used to grow viruses, which were imported in significant volumes, but after 2022, problems arose with supplies.” This year the situation has generally returned to normal. In the first three months, 1.4 million doses came to market, nearly four times more than in the first quarter of 2022, he said. If vaccine production continues at current levels, we will receive 5-6 doses this year. million doses. But this is still not enough to solve the problem of the spread of measles. According to forecasts, Russia needs 12-15 million doses per year. At the beginning of 2024, the Belgian combination vaccine Priorix-Tetra began to be supplied to the market. Bespalov believes that his supply volumes are small and are unlikely to increase significantly. Instead of the American vaccine MMP-2, which disappeared in Russia, a domestic analogue, Vaktrivir, appeared. What kind of animal is measles? Although measles is a childhood infection, it is very dangerous for adults. The older a person is, the more seriously he suffers from childhood diseases, noted Vladimir Bolibok: “This phenomenon is due to the fact that the older a person is, the worse his cellular immunity works against viral infections,” he explained, measles is similar to viral infections. ARVI symptoms: high fever, headache, dry cough, loss of appetite. Then a characteristic rash appears - first on the face, then spreads throughout the body Source: City Portals Measles can lead to many complications: measles pneumonia or measles encephalitis. There is also a fulminant form of measles, in which a person dies within a few days. There are no special tablets for measles; treatment must be symptomatic - antipyretics; if itching occurs - stabilizers and antihistamines. If any complications arise, they also depend on the symptoms: will there be antibiotics for pneumonia, will there be hormonal drugs, steroid hormones for severe measles,” said Bolibok. The only protection against measles is vaccination. This can be done even if the person has been in contact with a sick person, because immunity against infection develops faster than its incubation period ends, there is a vaccine against cancer and a new generation of immunomodulatory drugs, Vladimir Putin said. MSK1.RU spoke with one of the developers of the vaccine about what it will look like and when it will appear in hospitals. We also wrote that in the capital’s clinics they want to introduce the interpretation of X-ray studies using artificial intelligence, and discussed. this initiative is with doctors. Source link Source link
