history, holiday schedule and how to make a stuffed animal with your own hands – Russia today Posting in CHAT: Russia One of the most fun, bright and delicious holidays is approaching: starting from March 11, Russia will be baking and eating pancakes for a whole week, spending time with family and participating in folk festivals. How it all began and how to make a Maslenitsa scarecrow with your own hands - in the material “Evening Moscow”. History of the holiday In Russia, the change of seasons has always been celebrated. They especially loved winter: it is a difficult period, bringing with it cold, hunger and darkness. We welcomed spring in a big way and tried to help it overcome the snow and frost. It was believed that the old woman Winter did not simply give up. Therefore, the pagans held celebrations in honor of the god of the sun and fertility, Yarilo, and praised the young Spring. Initially, the holiday lasted two weeks: seven days before the spring equinox and the same number after. Then Rus' adopted Christianity. The church was going to cancel Maslenitsa - after all, it is a pagan holiday. But no one decided to do this: the people loved this tradition very much. Maslenitsa began to be celebrated a week before the start of Lent and its concept was slightly changed. Today, this holiday is necessary for people to prepare for fasting, eat enough, communicate with loved ones and spend time with loved ones, and participate in charity events. Why pancakes and why burn an effigy? Maslenitsa is an attempt to “oil” the sun, hence the name. To eat a piece of the sun, light and warmth, people baked cakes that looked like a celestial body. Then they were replaced with pancakes. It was believed that the more of these red sweets they ate, the sooner spring would come and the better the harvest. Everyone who ate pancakes was provided with energy and vigor for the entire coming year. The first set of red “suns” was distributed to the poor. Charity is an important part of the party; a pale scarecrow in bright clothes is as integral a symbol of the party as pancakes. It symbolizes winter, which must be driven away as quickly as possible. Fire gives warmth and hope that the year will be full of good events. According to tradition, a scarecrow should be made from old things, burned, and the ashes scattered across the fields. Psychologists talk about the healing effect of such a ritual: it helps people leave the past and forget about fears. In addition to the large adult animal, they also made small dolls - Maslena and Maslenka, a girl and a boy. They were not burned, but were left as amulets. They were given to loved ones and decorated the house. Holiday schedule Traditionally, Maslenitsa week is divided into the following parts: “Meeting” - they bake pancakes and decide where to put the scarecrow; “Wags” - folk festivities and sleigh rides take place. “Gourmet” - meetings with guests with tea, pancakes and pastries are organized. “Razgul” is the time of carousels, round dances and the construction of snow fortresses. “Mother-in-law's party” - sons-in-law feed pancakes to mother-in-laws. “Zerinsky guests” - young daughters-in-law treat their husband’s relatives, in the evening everyone tells fortunes. “Foresight of Maslenitsa” - people ask for forgiveness from family and friends, burn an effigy. How to make a Maslenitsa scarecrow: step-by-step instructions First, you will need to prepare the necessary materials and tools: straw or twigs from a broom. Rinse the brush. Combed bast - this will serve as the basis for a stuffed animal (it can be bought in markets at affordable prices). Thin satin ribbons. Glitter Fabric - You can use any scraps or buy a bunch of rag scraps from a craft store. A wooden stick or branch on which the doll will stand - you need to immediately select the desired length. The “Iris” thread is bright in color. It is better to buy a red one - such a thread is considered a talisman, and it is easy to make a doll out of it. The main thing is to follow the detailed instructions: Make a stuffed hand - take a small bunch of straw, tie it at both ends with a thread into three knots. This number is believed to bring good luck. And the design will hold up better. Next, cut the straws with scissors to make the handles look neater. Take a stick, divide it into two parts, place the handles. Shape the doll's chest by tying it five times with red thread. Then use the same thread to make a cross on the chest of the stuffed animal. The Maslenitsa body is ready, decorate the doll and create an outfit for her. Traditionally, lower aprons should be darker and upper aprons should be lighter. Take two strips of fabric, place one on top of the other, turn it inside out, aligning the flaps with the doll’s face. Tie the aprons under the Maslenitsa box and then lower them so that the right side of the fabric is on top. Make a scarf for the stuffed animal from a triangular piece of paper and tie it to the doll’s head in a convenient way. Decorate Maslenitsa's hands with multi-colored satin ribbons, then place it on a branch or stick. If you draw a scarecrow's face, make it as comical and even stupid as possible. But in general this is not welcome: in ancient times it was believed that as soon as a doll has eyes and lips, it acquires a soul, and “living” stuffed animals are capable of attracting evil spirits. Any work done with your own hands is a fascinating creative process. . So the instructions are intended only to outline the general rules, but any deviations from them are welcome. Maslenitsa can be dressed in shirts and skirts made of different materials. Making such a simple doll is a good reason to get together with friends and family. And if you also bake pancakes, a warm spring holiday awaits you. Source link Source link
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Perm residents with dogs are invited to animal walking areas in urban forests Posting in CHAT: Russia Children's playgrounds are located in four forest districts. In Perm, dog owners are invited to dog walking areas in urban forests. The administration of Perm spoke about this. “The areas are fenced, equipped with equipment for training dogs and structural elements for walking them, and benches have been installed for owners to rest,” the press service reported. The plots are located in the Motovilikha district forestry. In the Levshinsky district forestry (next to General Chernyakhovsky Street) and the Chernyaevsky forest near the Balatovo PKiO stop. In the Nizhne-Kuriinsky district forestry, the plots are located next to Khabarovskaya Street and next to the public transport stop “Admiral Ushakov”; in the Verkhne-Kuriinsky district forestry, the plots are located next to Dokuchaeva Street, 21, next to the “Orange Summer”. park and on Kostycheva Street in the Proletarsky microdistrict. Such areas provide an opportunity to communicate with animals at any time of the year. A map of areas for walking pets and detailed information is available on the website “Nature of the City of Perm”. Earlier, the portal “Vkurs.ru” reported that a woman was attacked by a fighting dog in Perm. Source link Source link
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This animal has turned its face into a megaphone for crazy screams. – Russia today Posting in CHAT: Russia This is a hammerhead fruit bat. Differences in appearance between females and males of the same species are called sexual dimorphism, and it is very pronounced in hammerhead bats. The entire body of males is designed in such a way that they turn into small winged mouthpieces. Their larynx and air sacs are 3 times larger than those of females. The vocal apparatus is so massive that all other organs are constantly in a compressed form. For male winged bats, this modification was not enough, so they also decided to reshape their heads. Yes, this bug, which is replaced by a muzzle in ordinary animals, has been modified by a hammerhead bat into a megaphone. Inside the large square nose there is a wide sinus, which acts as an additional sound amplifier, but the bats apparently decided not to disturb the rest of the body. They have no tail at all, and the structure of their wings cannot ensure long flight - the animals are too heavy. Despite the fact that the wingspan of bats is quite large - 90 cm! But a bat eats quite a lot: the weight of an adult male reaches almost half a kilogram, and females weigh half as much! But bats really need to fly. Their diet consists exclusively of fruits. There are quite a few fruit trees in Central Africa, but the males are very selective in what they eat. For a juicy delicacy, they are ready to go to uncharted territories and fly up to 10 km at night! Females prefer to use already explored routes, even if this does not involve the most delicious dinner. Males use their entire household, built over the years of development, during the dry season. Hammerhead Don Juans, numbering up to 100, gather on tree branches and begin to scream heartbreakingly. Females, like true fans of a dead cannonball, rush to those trees where the cry will be louder. According to the classics, the most successful men are the loudest; There are only 6% of them in the team. And they become the fathers of the majority of newborn mice - 79%, to be more precise. The meeting of “lovers” lasts a measly 30-60 seconds, after which the couple separates forever. The male calls for a new mate, and the female flies off into the sunset and begins to prepare for the birth of her cubs. After six months, the mother gives birth to 1-2 cubs. There is no exact data on the natural enemies of hammerhead bats. But it is known that due to vocal activity and feeding habits, the animal is considered a pest in many African countries. A very tasty pest. There is no confirmed evidence that hammerheads carry corona or Ebola, the population of the species is not threatened, which is why locals eat night hammerhead bats instead of KFC wings. Source link Source link